Finale Ligure: Cultura

Lo strato culturale più antico del paese è spagnolo. Il marchesato di Finale stava sul Cammino spagnolo e fu spagnolo per più di un secolo; Castel San Giovanni è una fortezza spagnola del 1642-43, Filippo V di Spagna alloggiò a Palazzo Buraggi nel 1702, e un arco del paese è dedicato a Margherita Teresa di Spagna, figlia di Filippo IV.

Il più recente è verticale. Finale è citata fra i luoghi europei in cui è emersa l’arrampicata sportiva, e i nomi dei suoi pionieri sono agli atti: Gianni Calcagno, Alessandro Grillo, Vittorio Olinto Simonetti, Roberto Titomanlio e i fratelli Eugenio e Gianluigi Vaccari nella fase esplorativa; Giovanni Massari, Martino Lang, Andrea Gallo, Patrick Berhault, Nicola Ivaldo, Luca Biondi e Marco e Luciano Zambarino in quella sportiva.

Assegna un premio nazionale all’inquietudine. La Festa dell’Inquietudine, ideata nel 1996 dal Circolo degli Inquieti, assegna il titolo di Inquieto dell’Anno: un riconoscimento alla persona, al suo essere, più che a un’opera.

La musica si fa in un convento. La stagione concertistica Percorsi Sonori si tiene nei chiostri del complesso conventuale di Santa Caterina a Finalborgo.

E la pietra stessa è un oggetto culturale. La Pietra di Finale riveste la torre del Castello Vuillermin, regge le colonne della loggia di Palazzo De Raymondi e ha costruito il campanile romanico di Calvisio Vecchia.

Verificato su Wikipedia, ottobre 2026.

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Verificato su Wikipedia — The marquisate of Finale formed a strip of imperial territory on the Cammino spagnolo, which passing from the Milanese to the Valtellina reached as far as the Netherlands and was indispensable for the transport of troops directed to or coming from Spain or the Kingdom of Naples. The Spanish possession also brought a new revaluation of the cultural and religious patrimony of the marquisate, enlarged and revised in the sixteenth century, as well as a general restructuring and fortification of the castles and forts of the Finalese. Spanish domination lasted over a century and ceased officially only in 1707, after the crisis opened in 1700 at the death of Charles II of Spain., The Finalese remained under Byzantine control until the conquest by Rotari in 641, a Byzantine presence documented by archaeological excavation at Varigotti and in the castrum of Sant'Antonino. The first written record of the Finalese territory goes back to 967, when the emperor Otto I granted Aleramo del Monferrato many lands in a diploma, among them the castle of Orco, above Finale; Finale was inherited by Aleramo's descendant Enrico del Vasto, who obtained its investiture from Frederick Barbarossa in 1162 together with the other lands of the Marca di Savona. The Del Carretto marquisal family, descended from Enrico, constituted the powerful Marquisate of Finale here, annexing other minor fiefs, but clashed -- above all for commercial reasons -- with the Republic of Genoa, which owned almost all the ports of Liguria; Genoa imposed the commercial conventions of 1290 and 1340 on the Del Carretto, and in 1385 the republic acquired dominion over half the fief by a sentence issued by doge Antoniotto Adorno, never recognised by the emperor. Between 1447 and 1448 Genoa invaded the marquisate and destroyed Finalborgo and Castel Govone. In 1496 Alfonso I Del Carretto obtained total investiture of the marquisate from Maximilian I, confirmed to his son Giovanni II by Charles V in 1529; it was the period of the marquisate's greatest extent, which after the victorious war against Genoa had extended its dominions beyond the watershed into the val Bormida as far as Saliceto and Paroldo in the Alte Langhe. In 1558, taking advantage of the rebellion of some Finalese against the misgovernment of Alfonso II, Genoa again invaded the marquisate; Spain succeeded in taking possession of Finale definitively in 1602. The oldest Christian evidence in Liguria was discovered at Perti., Among the civil architecture of Finale Ligure are Palazzi Ferri and Mendaro, on the upper side of piazza Vittorio Emanuele II at Finalmarina, with typical seventeenth-century facades with large windows superimposed in three orders; Palazzo Buraggi, built at the end of the sixteenth century, with facades divided by elongated pilasters and Corinthian capitals, which hosted the sovereign Philip V of Spain in 1702, another palace of the same family in via Garibaldi being the seat of the town hall; Palazzo De Raymondi, of the seventeenth century at Finale Marina, on whose southern flank opens a nineteenth-century loggia contiguous with the palace's private chapel, erected on a portico supported by columns in Pietra di Finale, where queen Maria Cristina di Borbone stayed in 1835 and 1842 and king Carlo Alberto di Savoia in 1836 on his journey towards Nice; and Castello Vuillermin at Finale Marina, built between 1936 and 1941 by the lawyer Renato Vuillermin, a building in neo-Gothic style with a tower faced in Pietra di Finale. Among the religious buildings are the basilica collegiata di San Giovanni Battista, the imposing parish church that rises at Finalmarina; the abbazia di Santa Maria di Finalpia, built in the sixteenth century for the Olivetan monks; the conventual complex of San Francesco along the road to Finalborgo, whose first structure was built in 1582 and rebuilt in the seventeenth century on the remains of a pre-existing medieval pieve; and the ancient church of San Cipriano in the frazione of Calvisio Vecchia, built in the twelfth century, among the oldest of the Finalese but subsequently remade in Baroque style from 1704, with an adjoining thirteenth-century Romanesque bell tower in Pietra di Finale, the church now abandoned., The hinterland of Finale Ligure presents numerous falesie and rock walls on which sport climbing is practised, with itineraries of difficulty up to 8c+. Between the end of the 1960s and the end of the 1980s the comune was one of the European centres in which climbing developed in a sporting key, distinguishing itself from traditional alpinism; after an exploratory phase, during which numerous itineraries were opened in traditional style on the most imposing rock structures, the practice of the discipline progressively oriented itself towards the search for ever greater difficulty on previously equipped itineraries. The equipping of itineraries of all difficulties then continued, so much so that around the 2020s these passed the figure of 4,000. Among the pioneers of Finale climbing are counted Gianni Calcagno, Alessandro Grillo, Vittorio Olinto Simonetti, Roberto Titomanlio and the brothers Eugenio and Gianluigi Vaccari; among the protagonists of the second, "sporting" phase figure Giovanni Massari, Martino Lang, Andrea Gallo, Patrick Berhault, Nicola Ivaldo, Luca Biondi, Marco Zambarino and Luciano Zambarino., The events of Finale Ligure include the Festa dell'Inquietudine at the end of May, conceived in 1996 by the Circolo degli Inquieti, a national prize awarded to the Inquieto dell'Anno; the Palio delle Compagne Finalesi on the second weekend of July, a medieval costume event with the Trofeo Nazionale degli Sbandieratori; La Notte dei Tarocchi on 12 and 13 August, two evenings dedicated to tarology and esoteric practices, held since 2018 each year through the streets of Finalborgo; Viaggio nel Medioevo in the third week of August, a costume event in the setting of the medieval borgo of Finalborgo, awarded by the Presidency of the Republic, with four evenings of games, shows, ancient trades and cultural activities; Sguardi sul Mare, an annual summer photography festival dedicated to the sea; the Percorsi Sonori concert season in the cloisters of the Santa Caterina convent complex at Finalborgo; and Finale for Nepal in September, an annual sport-climbing event with the aim of financing volunteer projects in Nepal., The forte San Giovanni is a fortress in the comune of Finale Ligure, province of Savona, situated at an altitude of 50 m above sea level. The present Forte di San Giovanni was built to strengthen the defences between 1642 and 1643, to the design of the Milanese ingegnere camerale Francesco Prestino, on the ruins of a torrione dating from the middle of the fifteenth century. That torrione -- recalled by Gianmario Filelfo, and of which there is notice from a drawing of 1571 -- constitutes today the central body, of octagonal plan, of the fortress. Much more recent than the nearby Castel Gavone, it constituted an advanced defence of it and simultaneously protected and controlled Finalborgo, capital of the Marquisate of Finale. It was often restored and enlarged in its sectors by the Spanish between 1674 and 1678, led by the engineer Gaspare Beretta, who dealt with the direct connection with the borgo and the reinforcement of the fortifications. It was abandoned in 1707 and in 1713 ceded by Austria to Genoa, which partly demolished it. In 1822 it became a penitentiary, then from 1960 it was taken into the state demesne and in recent years entirely restored. (ottobre 2026).