Basilica di San Biagio, Finalborgo cronologia storica

Ultimo aggiornamento il 19 ottobre 2026

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Questa parrocchia si è spostata una volta ed è stata ricostruita due, e ogni passaggio è ancora leggibile. Cominciò al di là del torrente Aquila, fuori dalle mura; fu portata dentro nel Trecento e costruita in gotico; e tre secoli dopo fu abbattuta e sostituita da una chiesa girata di novanta gradi, che ne conservò il campanile e lasciò in piedi l’abside vecchia nello spazio dietro. Poi si è riempita dei contenuti di un convento che lo Stato aveva preso. Quello che si vede è il terzo edificio, che porta la torre del secondo e i mobili della quarta istituzione.

Cronologia

1128 Il regolamento del dazio di Genova elenca gli abitanti di Finale come esportatori di lana e canapa. È quel commercio il motivo per cui san Biagio, protettore dei cardatori di lana, è il patrono di qui, e il suo culto è probabilmente uno dei più antichi del Finale.
1261 La chiesa compare per la prima volta in un documento scritto. Sta allora dall’altro lato del torrente Aquila, con annesso un ricovero per malati; di nessuno dei due resta rudere, e l’origine di quella prima chiesa è ignota.
1372 La chiesa viene ricostruita entro il perimetro delle mura di Finalborgo, con conclusione nel 1375, in stile gotico. Il suo campanile ottagonale è quello in piedi oggi.
fine Cinquecento La chiesa gotica viene danneggiata in seguito alla seconda invasione del marchesato di Finale da parte della Repubblica di Genova, ed è ormai inadeguata per dimensioni. La decisione che ne segue è quella che ha dato forma all’edificio.
1626 La Confraternita dei Disciplinanti del convento di Santa Caterina si unisce a quella di San Biagio, e il trittico delle Nozze mistiche di santa Caterina viene trasportato qui. Si aggiunge una ricca cornice e san Gottardo è convertito in san Biagio con un pettine da cardatore.
1633 Viene avviata la chiesa attuale, conclusa nel 1650, su progetto dell’architetto finalese Andrea Storace: croce latina, tre navate, cupola centrale, e pianta ruotata di novanta gradi rispetto alla gotica, che per essa viene quasi interamente demolita. Il vecchio campanile e parte della vecchia abside vengono conservati.
1721 Il coro ligneo in noce è terminato dal maestro Giò Benedetto Mora. L’anno dopo Pier Lorenzo Spoleti dipinge per il presbiterio le copie della Trasfigurazione di Raffaello e dell’Assunzione di Rubens.
1764 Pasquale Bocciardo realizza il pulpito marmoreo, concluso nel 1765, scolpendovi la Visione di Ezechiele con il carro divino e i tetramorfi. La fonte lo definisce curioso e fantasioso.
1799 Bocciardo completa l’altare maggiore, aiutato dallo zio Andrea Casareggio. Il drappo del tavolo è scolpito per sembrare stoffa ricamata ed è puro marmo: la cosa più citata dell’edificio.
1805 Il monumento funebre dell’ultimo marchese Del Carretto viene portato dentro da Santa Caterina, confiscata da Napoleone e usata per alloggiare le truppe. Sta sopra il portale mediano; la statua è di Battista Orsolino.
1811 Vengono realizzate le statue del fonte battesimale, Gesù Cristo e San Giovanni Battista: opera neoclassica e primo e unico lavoro in marmo di uno scultore del legno, il genovese Angelo Olivari. La vasca e le balaustre sono di Girolamo Bocciardo, del 1798.
1864 Il governo italiano confisca Santa Caterina per usi civili, dopo la precedente presa napoleonica. Buona parte degli arredi attuali di questa basilica arriva di là attraverso le due confische.
1878 Francesco Semino e Domenico Buscaglia affrescano e stuccano le pareti — la cupola e la volta del presbiterio — campagna ripresa nel 1911 da Luigi Gainotti e Antonio Bertolotto.
1894 L’organo costruito da Gioacchino Concone nel 1784 viene riformato dal savonese Giovanni Battista Dessiglioli.
1949 Nell’aprile papa Pio XII eleva la chiesa alla dignità di basilica minore. Nello stesso anno il crocifisso ligneo del 1693 di Francesco Agnesi, detto il Corsetto, viene spostato da dietro l’altare maggiore al terzo altare della navata destra, senza le sue decorazioni.

Come una chiesa finisce per contenere gli arredi di un altro edificio

Ben poco di quello che riempie San Biagio è stato fatto per essa. Il convento di Santa Caterina — la superga dei Del Carretto, la loro fondazione sepolcrale — è stato confiscato due volte, da Napoleone durante la Repubblica Ligure e dal governo italiano nel 1864, e svuotato a tappe dentro questa chiesa qualche centinaio di metri più in là. La Madonna delle Rose attribuita a Vincenzo Tamagni, che lavorò accanto a Raffaello nelle Logge vaticane, veniva di là; così l’ancona di Pascale Oddone del 1533 dall’altare maggiore del convento, il trittico del 1626 della sua confraternita e, nel 1805, il monumento funebre del marchese. La fonte corregge perfino il proprio racconto su chi pagò l’Oddone: G. Castelnovi identificò il donatore in Luigi Del Carretto, conte e vescovo di Cahors, ma Luigi morì nel 1524, nove anni prima dell’opera, quindi si tratterebbe del nipote Paolo, che ricoprì le stesse cariche dal 1525. E un altare qui è costruito letteralmente con un altro edificio: il supporto sotto la Madonna delle Grazie usa marmo riutilizzato dal sito di Castel Gavone.

Verificato su Wikipedia, ottobre 2026.

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Wikipedia

Fonti e verifica Riguarda le affermazioni documentate di questa pagina.

Verificato su Wikipedia — The basilica collegiata di San Biagio is a Catholic place of worship situated in the historic urban nucleus of Finalborgo, in piazza San Biagio, at Finale Ligure in the province of Savona; it is the seat of the parish community of the same name of the vicariate of Finale Ligure-Noli of the diocese of Savona-Noli. In April 1949 Pope Pius XII elevated it to the dignity of minor basilica. The cult of san Biagio, protector among others of wool carders, is probably one of the most ancient of the Finale; the production and trade of wool bales is a traditional activity of the Finalese, documented for the first time in 1128 by the customs regulation of Genoa, in which the inhabitants of Finale appear as exporters of wool and hemp. The church, however, appears for the first time in a written document only in 1261; a shelter for the sick was annexed to it but no ruin of it remains. The ancient church, whose origin is unknown, was placed on the other side of the Aquila torrent, but was rebuilt within the perimeter of the walls of Finalborgo in 1372-1375, in Gothic style. Damaged in the late sixteenth century following the second invasion of the marquisate of Finale by the Republic of Genoa, and by then inadequate in size, the Gothic church was almost entirely demolished in the middle of the seventeenth century to make space for a new building then under construction, but with its plan rotated by 90 degrees. The apse and the apsidal chapels of the fourteenth-century church have been partially conserved in the short space between the seventeenth-century building and the walls of the Borgo. The new church, built between 1633 and 1650 to a design by the Finale architect Andrea Storace, has a Latin-cross plan divided into three naves with a central dome, and it conserves the original and characteristic octagonal bell tower with slender bifore., The new church of San Biagio was enriched with paintings and statues and decorated from the Baroque-Rococo period onward. A good part of its present furnishings, however, comes from the conventual complex of Santa Caterina, the "superga" of the Del Carretto, which was confiscated first by Napoleon Bonaparte during the Ligurian Republic and then by the Italian government in 1864 for civil uses. The walls were subsequently frescoed and stuccoed thanks to the work, in 1878, of the painters Francesco Semino and Domenico Buscaglia -- frescoes of the dome and of the presbytery vault -- resumed in 1911 by Luigi Gainotti and Antonio Bertolotto in the vault. Above the middle portal can be admired the funerary monument of Sforza Andrea Del Carretto, last marquis of the Carretto family, a work commissioned by his heir Giovan Andrea Doria and transported into San Biagio only in 1805, when the church of Santa Caterina was confiscated by Napoleon Bonaparte and used to billet troops; the statue is the work of Battista Orsolino, of the sculptural school of Taddeo Carlone. To the left of the portal is the baptismal font; the basin and the balustrades were made by Girolamo Bocciardo in 1798, while the statues of Gesu Cristo and San Giovanni Battista are a neoclassical work of 1811, the first and only work in marble by a sculptor in wood, the Genoese Angelo Olivari. To Girolamo's father, Pasquale Bocciardo, is attributed the curious and fanciful marble pulpit of 1764-1765, in which he carved the Vision of Ezekiel with the divine chariot and the tetramorphs. In the presbytery, the marble balustrade with angels is the work of Pasquale Bocciardo, in which four figures of angels support the cloth decorated with fine burin work; Pasquale Bocciardo is also the author of the high altar of 1799, during whose making he was helped by his uncle Andrea Casareggio, with whom he shared the workshop in via Giulia in Genoa. The famous peculiarity of this altar is the drape of the table, which seems to be of embroidered cloth but is in reality pure marble., In the first altar of the right nave of San Biagio is the triptych of the Mystic Marriage of saint Catherine of Alexandria, among her witnesses san Gottardo and san Sebastiano, ascribable to the school of Bernardino Fasolo and made for the Confraternita dei Disciplinanti of the convent of Santa Caterina, transported into San Biagio on the occasion of the unification of the conventual confraternity with that of San Biagio, which took place in 1626; a rich frame decorated at the base was then added, and san Gottardo was modified into san Biagio by the addition of a carder's comb in his hand. In the second altar is the monumental altarpiece representing the Martyrdom of saint Catherine with san Domenico, san Pietro, san Paolo, the Annunciation and the Pieta, by the Piedmontese painter Pascale Oddone (1533), a work coming from the high altar of Santa Caterina; the episcopal arms at the top and the Carretto arms indicate the donor, whom G. Castelnovi identified as Luigi Del Carretto, count and bishop of Cahors, who however died in 1524, so that it would be his nephew Paolo Del Carretto, who held the same offices from 1525. At the third altar is a wooden crucifix by Francesco Agnesi called il Corsetto (1693), previously placed behind the high altar and moved here without its decorations in 1949. At the fourth altar, seat of the old eighteenth-century organ, is a canvas dedicated to san Giovanni Nepomuceno, patron of Bohemia, between the saints Francesco da Paola and Lucia among angels, the work of Giuseppe Paganelli da Bergamo of 1798; this saint, protector against floods, is also represented on the internal surface of Porta Testa, from which the waters of a sudden flooding would potentially burst in. At the fifth and last right altar is the canvas of the Madonna delle Grazie among the souls in purgatory, the work of Pier Lorenzo Spoleti of 1723, positioned on a support perhaps made by Pietro Ripa between 1718 and 1728, with columns faced in marble, comprising material reused from the nearby site of Castel Gavone. On the walls of the presbytery are copies of Raphael's Transfiguration and of the Assumption of the Virgin by the Fleming Peter Paul Rubens, made by the Finale painter Pier Lorenzo Spoleti in 1722; under the latter picture is conserved a marble ciborium of 1521 by the sculptor Giovanni Lorenzo Sormano. The wooden walnut choir was completed in 1721 by the master Gio Benedetto Mora. Of particular interest is the pipe organ, built by Gioacchino Concone in 1784 and reformed by the Savonese Giovanni Battista Dessiglioli in 1894. In the left nave, the panel of the Madonna delle Rose, already from the convent of Santa Caterina, in which the saint, a king's daughter, presents the marquis of Finale Alfonso I del Carretto while san Domenico presents his brother, the cardinal Carlo Domenico; the work, later than the disappearance of the two figures (1517), has been attributed to Vincenzo Tamagni, a painter originally from San Gimignano who, after moving to Rome in the middle of the sixteenth century, worked on the papal commissions of the Vatican Loggias beside Raphael., The former convent of Santa Caterina is a religious building in the piazza of the same name in the historic centre of Finalborgo at Finale Ligure, in the province of Savona. Since 1931 the ancient convent has housed the archaeological museum of the Finale, a congress hall and a venue for shows and exhibitions at the adjoining oratory of the Disciplinanti. The foundation of the conventual building can be dated to 1359, by the work of the Del Carretto family, feudatories of the Marquisate of Finale, who used the complex as a prestigious and monumental burial area. Inhabited from 1381 by Dominican friars, as though it were a "free and inviolable" zone, the convent was spared from the sack carried out in the lands of the marquisate in 1648 by the Republic of Genoa. The religious order occupied the complex until 1802, that is until the suppression of the ecclesiastical orders willed by the Napoleonic laws of the Ligurian Republic and of the French Empire., The clock of the bell tower of Santa Caterina, with a painted dial, is dated 1561, with the original peculiarity of having had an anticlockwise rotation to compensate for the shadow of the sundials, which in this geographical position moves from west towards east, the opposite of the course of the sun. The internal structure of the bell tower was transformed in 1864 by the Genoese directorate of the Genio militare of the Kingdom of Italy with the building of punishment cells of a nineteenth-century prison, perfectly conserved and visitable; the church too was then restructured, further removing every religious reference after the earlier Napoleonic spoliation, including the conventual spaces more adapted to a hard penitentiary. Each cell of the bell tower measures about 170 by 90 cm, without any external opening except the single spyhole above each door. The walls and the doors of the cells bear graffiti and writings with names, dates and lines drawn to indicate the time passed in conditions of absolute absence of human rights and personal dignity. Besides common criminals there were imprisoned here detainees held for political reasons, opponents of the politics of the Kingdom of Italy, including the socialist anarchists arrested during the Moti di Milano under Bava Beccaris in 1898 who, given their high number, were placed in dormitories made below in the former church, replaced afterwards, in another epoch, by antifascists and prisoners arrested during the Second World War. Prison use ceased definitively in 1965. Further interventions, from 1995 to 2004, have valorised and conserved the church with its bell tower, the two internal cloisters, the walkways, the walls and the botanical garden; inside, besides a refreshment point with ethical aims, there are the museum and the communal library., Among the religious architecture of Finalborgo: the basilica collegiata di San Biagio -- the present parish building, the third, built in the seventeenth century to a design by the Finale architect Andrea Storace, containing important sculptures by Pasquale Bocciardo and his brother Domenico, and interesting pictorial works among them the Martirio di Santa Caterina by Oddone Pascale and the Madonna delle rose by Vincenzo Tamagni, and in which is kept the mausoleum of the last descendant of the Carretto family, Giovanni Andrea Sforza Del Carretto; the conventual complex of Santa Caterina, founded in 1359 and subsequently completed with the addition of two fine Renaissance cloisters, today the seat of the civic museum, in whose adjacent conventual church, now transformed into an auditorium, are fifteenth-century frescoes; and the chiesa di San Giuseppe Calasanzio, outside the walls of the borgo. Among the civil architecture: the Palazzo del Tribunale, formerly the seat of the Del Carretto government and later the judicial and administrative centre of the Marquisate of Finale, existing at least from the early years of the fourteenth century, restructured by the marquis Giovanni I Del Carretto in 1462 who entrusted the recovery project to Giorgio Molinari, the latter modifying both interiors and exteriors with the construction of a new staircase and the opening of intermediated bifore, the palace being revisited again internally in 1781 with the interest of governor Giovanni Benedetto Centurione of the Republic of Genoa, its facade of great interest for the presence both of typical fifteenth-century pictorial decorations and of traces of all the subsequent interventions; Palazzo Ricci, a Renaissance building in front of the former church of the Santa Caterina complex, which is said to have been the palace of the powerful cardinal Carlo Domenico Del Carretto, acquired and restructured in 1528 by the noble Ricci family and subsequently, from about 1863 to 1927, the seat of the comune of Finalborgo; Palazzo Cavasola, an ancient Carretto palace, the "casa della Camera", which at the end of the sixteenth century was donated to Erasmo Cavasola by the marquis Alessandro Del Carretto, notably restructured in the eighteenth century, with a facade with rococo decorations and a majestic slate portal; and Palazzo Brunenghi, a medieval building in whose portico the pillory was placed. (ottobre 2026).

Basilica di San Biagio, Finalborgo cronologia storica

Cronologia

Come una chiesa finisce per contenere gli arredi di un altro edificio

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